Intelligent environmental protection embeds sensors and devices into environment monitoring objects with the help of IOT technology, integrates IOT in the field of environmental protection through computer and cloud computing and may realize integration between human society and environment operation system, and the intelligence of environmental management and decision making by finer and more dynamic method. Environment monitoring is a field with the earliest and most mature application of IOT technology. In mid 1990s, following the rapid development of Chinese economy, out-of-limit discharge of enterprises and ecological and environmental deterioration became prominent. In order to protect environment, the environmental protection authorities at all levels from central to local began to explore the tightening of environmental supervision by legal, administrative, economic and technical means. IOT as a leading technology in the new industrial waves has become a focus of world attention.
Application cases：
In order to help the government cope with the blue alga crisis of Taihu Lake, Chinese Academy of Sciences installed a number of sensing devices in Taihu Lake. Once cyanophycin raises or water temperature is changed or the outbreak of blue algae is likely, the sensors will issue early warning in time, thus the decision making body can obtain information in time and take countermeasures.
In the aspect of environment monitoring, in case of gas leakage, water pollution or other incidents, the staff may carry a box of biochemical sensors and randomly distribute them in a specific range like sowing. Dozens of the sensors can form a wireless network, “track” the dispersion paths of harmful substances all the time and “report” the command center in real time.
Shanghai has implemented online monitoring of 39 construction sites and a wharf in 17 districts and counties of the city, realized all-weather monitoring of dust pollution from construction sites and provided a basis for the air quality improvement action plans formulated by the government. “Architectural project particle online monitoring system” is to monitor fugitive particle pollution emission sources, such as: construction sites, wharves and concrete mixing plants online, realize all-weather monitoring of dust pollution on construction sites through real-time monitoring of pollutant emission data and even real-time video view and snapshot, and provide a basis for administrative authorities to strengthen supervision of construction process, for enterprises to know the effect of dust control measures, and for the government to formulate air quality improvement action plans.
Some industrially developed countries have suffered the bitter harm of environmental pollution. In the late 1950s, they began to establish regional monitoring networks. The United States firstly established an automatic air pollution monitoring network in New York in 1964, began automatic monitoring of water quality of the Ohio River in 1958, and had built more 1300 automatic water quality monitoring stations by the 1970s. Japan had built 172 automatic air pollution monitoring stations by 1965. In the 1970s, they also began to telemeter air pollution by satellite and laser radar. In the same period, Britain, Germany, Holland and Sweden also carried out automatic monitoring.
In the 1980s, China established automatic surface air monitoring stations in 15 cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Qingdao. Later, automatic water quality monitoring systems were also established for Huangpu River, the river section of the Water Diversion Project from Luanhe River to Tianjin, and the water supply and drainage systems of Jilin Chemical Group, Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corp and other large enterprises, making the work develop fast.
IOT energy conservation management system solution (energy conservation of gas heating)
In the heating season from 2010 to 2011, Goldenet adopted IOT technology to check pipeline pressure, temperature and flow as well as indoor and outdoor temperature of 600 boiler houses in real time, transfer data in real time, analyze data on the service platform, know energy consumption condition of the boilers in real time, extract mathematical models, compensate heating temperature and find out energy saving methods. In a heating season, this system saved about five million cubic meters of natural gas, accounting for about 5% of total energy consumption from the heating in Chaoyang District. This project was rated as one of “IOT demonstration projects” of Beijing in the second batch.